Warts are caused by HPV infection and are highly contagious. Understanding the principle and suitability of different removal methods helps you choose the most appropriate plan.
Warts are small, skin-coloured growths on the skin caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. HPV is a filterable virus, often spread in damp places such as swimming pools, changing rooms and public baths, and can be transmitted indirectly via shared towels, slippers and similar items. Warts are mostly benign but highly contagious, and can spread to other parts of the body or to other people.
| Method | Principle | Suitable for | Advantages |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cryotherapy | Low-temperature nitrogen rapidly freezes wart tissue | Hand, foot or larger warts | Non-invasive, short procedure time |
| Carbon dioxide laser | 10,600 nm wavelength laser vaporises wart tissue | Facial warts and warts needing precise treatment | Accurate destruction, generally 1–2 sessions |
| Topical medication | Salicylic acid or retinoids soften the wart’s keratin layer by layer | Smaller, newly appeared warts | Non-invasive, can be used at home |
| Electrocautery | High-frequency current burns wart tissue | Plantar warts and larger warts | Effective for stubborn warts |
| Curettage / excision | Surgical blade removes wart tissue | Large, deep or repeatedly recurrent warts | One-time clearance, lower chance of recurrence |
